Architecture & Design Archives - Page 28 of 28

The Legacy of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

Posted on September 16, 2019May 25, 2024 by Nancy

Our story is influenced and molded by those that came before us. The vision for Optima was seeded during David Hovey Sr.’s time at the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), where he studied under the program built by modern architectural legend, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. To understand where modern design is today, it’s insightful to look back on the legacy of Mies van der Rohe.

Mies van der Rohe

Mies was a German-born architect and educator, born in 1886 in Aachen, Germany, with Chicago becoming his adoptive hometown later in life. One of the 20th century’s greatest architects, he designed with an emphasis on open space and revealing materials. His steel-and-glass aesthetic defined modern architecture; he himself referred to it as “skin-and-bones architecture.” Mies didn’t design with style in mind, but rather, considered the philosophy of design within the frame of functionalist and industrial concerns at the time. “Less is more,” the legendary aphorism, was first said by Mies in reference to his architectural work.

Early Years in Europe

Destined for greatness, Mies’ first commissioned project (Riehl House) came to him at the age of 21 while he was working for Bruno Paul. What really set his design aesthetic apart, however, was the Barcelona Pavilion. Designed for the 1929 International Exposition in Barcelona, Spain, the temporary structure was the most powerfully pared-down building imaginable. Consisting of horizontal and vertical slab elements, it fulfilled the minimum requirements to define space — nothing has ever personified “less is more” in quite the same way. As Mies garnered attention, he became the director of the Bauhaus school of design in Germany in 1930. He remained there until the school closed in 1933 under the mounting pressure of the Nazi regime, and it was at this point in time that Mies took his leave from Europe.

An Educator and Architect in America

Mies arrived in the US in 1938, heralding in a new era for his life and the life of architecture in Chicago. He was head of the architecture department of IIT from 1938-1958, and when Mies’ position was announced, he was introduced by the one and only Frank Lloyd Wright himself. It was virtually unheard of for Wright to admire the work of another architect — and vocalize his admiration no less — but in his introductory speech, Wright said of Mies: “I admire him as an architect, respect and love him as a man. Armour Institute, I give you my Mies van der Rohe. You treat him well and love him as I do. He will reward you.”

Wright knew what an influence Mies would have on IIT and on architecture. The period of transition allowed Mies to entirely redesign the school’s program and campus both — he “rationalized” the curriculum by returning to the basics. At IIT, students focused first on learning to envision and draw their creations, then master the features, functions and materials involved in building, in order to finally evolve as architects whose discipline was enmeshed with the fundamental principles of design and construction.

A Lasting Legacy

Mies has left his mark in many places — along the Chicago skyline, across the IIT campus and on our work here at Optima.The fundamental principles behind Modernist design influence how we create and think here, and the innovative and groundbreaking thinking of Mies is something that we seek to embody in our everyday operations. To this legend, we say thank you for paving the way and inspiring us all.

Modernism 101

Posted on August 28, 2019May 25, 2024 by Nancy

At Optima, we are in perpetual pursuit of integrating the fundamentals of design while exploring new approaches. Our design process is rooted in the Modernist tradition, whose own roots go back to the middle of the 17th century.

The First Modernist Structure

The Crystal Palace, designed by Joseph Paxton in 1851, is often regarded as the first Modernist structure. Created to house the Great Exhibition in Hyde Park, London, the exhibition palace showcased the premier components of Modernist architecture design: a sheet glass and structural metal exterior.

The Modernism Movement

However, the Modernist movement developed in the highly tumultuous and rebellious times of the early 18th century. Many people were disillusioned by the control and stagnancy of European culture, where the 19th century academic belief system reigned supreme. Much of art, architecture, literature and philosophy were rooted at that time in reality, with the highest and most respected forms of art being those that most closely mirrored realism in style.

Modernism embraced disruption, particularly of realism and a culture bogged down by academic truths. Inspired by the groundbreaking philosophy of Freud and even by Einstein’s theory of relativity, Modernism sought to dismantle traditional forms and seek truth in new and progressive ways. Most important to Modernists was their freedom of artistic expression.

Modernism in Architecture

In architecture, progressive and liberated artistic expression came in the form of rejecting ornament and embracing minimalism. In direct contrast to the ornate stylings of Victorian architecture, Modernist architecture demanded that form follows function. Modernism in architecture was first and foremost a design principle, with style following after. Architects came at projects with an analytical approach to the function of buildings, and how they could create a structure to meet its purpose using rational, affordable materials. For this reason, many architects at the time believed Modernism could be the housing solution to end urban poverty.

One of the most renowned Modernist architects is Ludwig Mies van der Rohe—the man who changed the architecture program at IIT where Optima founder David Hovey Sr. studied. Mies was known for designing with clarity and simplicity, utilizing industrial steel and plate glass to define interior spaces. His minimal framework created unobstructed, free-flowing open space in his buildings.

At Optima, we are constantly inspired by the Modernist design philosophy. A large part of our design process is the utilization of ready-made materials, because as the owner, architect, developer and general contractor of all our own projects, function has never been more important. But most important to us is the idea of freedom — the freedom to innovate and express design in new and exciting ways. And like in Modernism, style inevitably follows.

Live Colorfully: How Color Influences Design

Posted on August 21, 2019September 1, 2020 by canicadmin

Optima buildings are distinguished by our Modernist design, and by our signature pops of color. Because color can influence design, and in turn, influence those that experience our design, the color decisions we make are purposeful and serve to enhance and activate our architecture and the spaces around it.

Theory and Psychology

Color is fundamental to the Modernist tradition. Much of color theory was born out of the Bauhaus modernist art school, where four artists changed the way we talk about color today: Johannes Itten, Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee and Josef Albers. Itten, particularly, created the color sphere with primary, secondary and tertiary tones, was the first to determine warm and cool tones, and was a pioneer in associating different colors with emotions.

Today, the study of color and their relationship to human emotion is called color psychology. In the first 30 seconds of viewing an object, our brains make a quick judgment and react to what we see. Color plays a large part in this response; for people, tones and hues are tied to specific emotions and feelings. On a biological/physical level, when we see colors, that vision is transferred over to the brain, which in turn signals to our endocrine system to release specific hormones that create a correlating feeling or mood to what we’ve seen. Armed with this insight, we integrate color into our design solutions to create an emotional impact. But our use of color goes beyond.

Color in Optima Design

In our Arizonian desert residences, we select hues to complement the vegetation of the desert, seamlessly blending our architecture with its environs; indoor with outdoor. At Sterling Ridge, concrete walls merge with the earth, making the home an extension of the land. The result is a harmonious design, one that enhances our building and the land around it. Orange and red color details serve to give an exciting pop of color against a cohesive, blended pallet.

In many of our condos and multifamily residences, we use color in the exterior facade to compliment the surroundings of the building. At Optima Sonoran Village, orange, yellow and green details are drawn from actual colors found in the surrounding lush landscaping. The hues were inspired by the area’s desert flowers, serving to draw out the naturally occurring colors of the terrain.

Color isn’t just important in our building design — we incorporate color into all of our design practices, including experimental color play with our sculptures. Often executed in different colors depending on the surrounding space, sculpture is another facet to Optima in which we experiment with shades and hues. Color has a long and storied history, but for us, it’s a continuing exploration that has us learning more each day.

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Blog type: Architecture & Design