At Optima®, we celebrate the powerful connection between architecture, culture, and community. One of the most significant yet often overlooked chapters in architectural history is Black Modernist architecture, a movement that not only pushed the boundaries of design but also encapsulated the socio-political aspirations and cultural identity of African American communities. The National Trust for Historic Preservation highlights the importance of preserving this vital heritage through its initiative launched in 2023, Conserving Black Modernism.

The Emergence of Black Modernism
Black Modernist architecture emerged in the mid-20th century, a time of profound social change and transformation in America. As African American architects began to gain recognition, they embraced Modernism as a means to express the ideals of progress, equality, and a new cultural identity. Their works were characterized by bold geometric forms, innovative use of materials, and an emphasis on functionality.

Azurest South by Amaza Lee Meredith. Virginia State University, St. Petersburg, VA. Credit: Hannah Price. Courtesy of the National Trust for Historic Preservation.

Prominent Black architects, such as Paul Williams, Norma Merrick Sklarek, and J. Max Bond Jr., made significant contributions to this movement. They not only designed buildings that stood out for their aesthetic appeal but also created spaces that served as cultural and community centers, reflecting the aspirations and resilience of Black communities.

The Challenges of Preservation
Despite its importance, Black Modernist architecture faces numerous challenges when it comes to preservation. Many of these structures are at risk due to neglect, urban development pressures, and a lack of awareness about their historical significance. Additionally, the systemic barriers that African American architects faced in the past have contributed to the erasure of their contributions from mainstream architectural narratives.

The National Trust for Historic Preservation is addressing these challenges by raising awareness about the importance of conserving Black Modernist architecture. By highlighting the stories and achievements of Black architects, the Trust aims to foster a greater appreciation for these structures and encourage efforts to protect them for future generations.

Key 2024 Preservation Projects
In 2024, the National Trust’s African American Cultural Heritage Action Fund announced its support for several projects that aim to conserve and celebrate Black Modernist architecture:

Ira Aldridge Theater | Chadwick A. Boseman College of Fine Arts at Howard University | Washington, D.C.
 Designed by Hilyard Robinson and Paul R. Williams, the Ira Aldridge Theater was completed in 1961. Funding will support a historic structures report and an interpretation plan.

Masjid Mohammad, Nations Mosque | Washington, D.C.
 This mosque, completed in 1960 by architect David R. Byrd, represents one of the oldest Black Muslim congregations in the U.S. Funding will support studies for a LEED-certified expansion and capital improvements.

Morehouse College Halls | Atlanta, GA
 The halls designed by Leon Allain in the early 1970s will undergo building assessments and historic structures reports, ensuring their preservation and continued use.

Kenneth G. Neigh Dormitory Complex | West Point, MS
 Designed by J. Max Bond Jr. in 1970, this complex will be studied for adaptive reuse to provide transitional housing, addressing its current state of deterioration.

Robert T. Coles Home and Studio | Buffalo, NY
 This building, designed by Robert T. Coles in 1961, will receive funding for a historic structures report and a reuse feasibility study.

John F. Kennedy Community Center | Buffalo, NY
 Also designed by Coles, this community center will benefit from a comprehensive preservation plan to support its role as a hub for community activities.

Universal Life Insurance Company Building | Memphis, TN
 Designed by McKissack and McKissack in 1949, this building will undergo cultural interpretation and repairs, highlighting its historical significance.

Azurest South, Amaza Lee Meredith Home and Studio | Petersburg, VA
 Amaza Lee Meredith’s home and studio will see the implementation of a conservation management plan, preserving its unique International Style architecture.

Preserving Black Modernist architecture is not just about saving buildings; it’s about honoring the legacy of African American architects who broke barriers and enriched our cultural landscape. It’s about recognizing the role that architecture plays in shaping cultural identity and the importance of inclusive narratives in the preservation movement.

At Optima®, we believe it is essential to continue advocating for the recognition and preservation of Black Modernist architecture. These structures not only tell the story of a movement but also serve as a testament to the creativity, resilience, and vision of the architects who dared to dream of a better world. Let us work together to preserve these cultural treasures and ensure that they remain a source of inspiration and pride for generations to come.